More videos: Reef Energy Plus: A superfood that’s super easy to use! a fund-based approach where Annex I countries would deposit substantial amounts of money into a fund administered by some multi-lateral entity. [12] The initial phase of the development of national strategies and action plans and capacity building is typically referred to as the "Readiness phase" (a term like Reddiness is also encountered). With NSF approval, Energy Plus Red is safe for food products after a quick water rinse of cleaned surfaces. Safeguard (d): The full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders, in particular indigenous peoples and local communities, in the [REDD+] actions … [and when developing and implementing national strategies or action plans]; Indigenous peoples are important stakeholders in REDD+ as they typically live inside forest areas or have their livelihoods (partially) based on exploitation of forest resources. 5-Hour Energy shots hold 200 … Additionally, and on a voluntary basis, the summary of information may be posted on the UNFCCC REDD+ web platform.[14][20]. The scope, the scale and the period can be modified in reference to national circumstances: specific conditions in the country that would call for an adjustment of the basis from which the reference levels are constructed. Coral nutrition insights video: Food for thought If you want to take your reefkeeping to the next level, and maximize the energy out of Reef Energy Plus, watch and learn. [13][14], While the COP decisions emphasize national ownership and stakeholder consultation, there are concerns that some of the larger institutional organizations are driving the process, in particular outside of the one Party, one vote realm of multi-lateral negotiations under the UNFCCC. If the amounts are emissions, the reference level becomes a reference emission level (REL); however these RELs are seen by some as incomplete as they do not take into account removals. [13] At COP 19 the titles of decisions 9 and 12 refer back to decision 1/CP.16, paragraph 70 and appendix I respectively, while the other decisions only mention the topic under consideration.[14]. [39], Following the Warsaw Framework on REDD-plus, the first country had submitted a Biennial Update Report with a Technical Annex containing the details on emission reductions from REDD+ eligible activities. Comply with sign and emergency lighting regulations when displaying this cULus 924 Listed Wet Location LED Exit Sign featuring an emergency light on both sides in schools, hotels, warehouses,restaurants, malls, warehouses … For example, the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility has 19 countries in the pipeline of the Carbon Fund, which will provide payments to these countries based on verified REDD+ emissions reductions achieved under national or subnational programs. Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+) was first negotiated under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2005, with the objective of mitigating climate change through … During the negotiations for the Kyoto Protocol, and then in particular its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), the inclusion of tropical forest management was debated but eventually dropped due to anticipated methodological difficulties in establishing – in particular – additionality and leakage (detrimental effects outside of the project area attributable to project activities). "United States" The United States has provided more than $1.5 billion in support for REDD+ and other sustainable landscape activities since 2010. All of these were based on substantive guidance from the UNFCCC. The contracts allow him to establish and control timber projects and palm oil plantations in Yagua rainforest. [7], REDD received substantial attention from the UNFCCC – and the attending community – at COP 13, December 2007, where the first substantial decision on REDD+ was adopted, Decision 2/CP.13: "Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries: approaches to stimulate action",[8] calling for demonstration activities to be reported upon two years later and assessment of drivers of deforestation. For example, the World Bank and the UN-REDD Programme, the two largest sources of funding and technical assistance for readiness activities and therefore unavoidable for most developing countries, place requirements upon recipient countries that are arguably not mandated or required by the COP decisions. Specifically, the national forest monitoring system was introduced, with elements of measurement, reporting and verification (MRV). United Energy Plus Terminals, LLC (UEPT), headquartered just outside of Philadelphia, PA, is a wholesale and commercial distillate and gasoline supplier currently located in 25 terminals throughout Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia. By COP 15 in Copenhagen, December 2009, the scope of the agenda item was broadened to "Methodological guidance for activities relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries",[10] moving to "Policy approaches and positive incentives on issues relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries; and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries" by COP 16. [47] Fair distribution of REDD+ benefits will not be achieved without a prior reform in forest governance and more secure tenure systems in many countries. Dark red is associated with energy, willpower, rage, anger, leadership, courage, longing and evil. We deliver propane and services to a large area of the United States and are constantly growing to serve you better. Qantas Red Saver: This plan is similar to the Living Energy Saver with its variable rates, but also offers a lump sum of Qantas Points for signing up instead of having access to Red Energy Rewards. 22 5, p1229-p1254, 26p. [57][58][59][60][61], While a single, harmonized, global system that accounts for and rewards emissions reductions from forests and land use has been elusive, diverse context-specific projects have emerged that support a variety of activities including community-based forest management, enforcement of protected areas, sustainable charcoal production, and agroforestry. The technical assessment is included within the broader process of International Consultation and Analysis (ICA), which is effectively a peer-review by a team composed of an expert from an Annex I Party and an expert from a non-Annex I Party which "will be conducted in a manner that is nonintrusive, non-punitive and respectful of national sovereignty". Decision 1/CP.16, paragraph 73, suggests that national capacity for implementing REDD+ is built up in phases, "beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified". As far as we know Red Sea’s Reef Energy A & B additives are the only ones developed to be coral food for corals that they can absorb directly from the water, and it sounds as if Red Sea has made them even better. 08 Aug. Red_Small_Plus. Pan Y, Birdsey R, Fang J, Hougton R, Kauppi P, Kurz W, Phillips O, Shvidenko A, Canadell J, Ciais P, Jackson R, Lewis S, McGuire D, Pacala S, Piao S, Rautiainen A, Sitch S, Hayes D. 2011. Whether it's for work, play, or simply enjoying the comfort of your home, we … Some grassroots organizations are working to develop REDD+ activities with communities and developing benefit-sharing mechanisms to ensure REDD+ funds reach rural communities as well as governments. The UNFCCC decisions call on countries to make an assessment of these drivers and to base the policies and measures on this assessment, such that the policies and measures can be directed to where the impact is greatest. If you want to take your reefkeeping to the next level, and maximize the energy out of Reef Energy Plus, watch and learn. Frequent and excess intake may have serious and possibly life-threatening side effects, especially when combined with alcohol. In the absence of guidance from the COP, two options were debated by the international community at large: Under the market-based approach, REDD+ would act as an "offset scheme" in which verified results-based actions translate into some form of carbon credits, more-or-less analogous to the market for Certified Emission Reductions (CER) under the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol. Post A Comment Cancel Reply. All countries were also encouraged to implement and support REDD+in Article 5 of the Paris Agreement. The last one enhances removals of greenhouse gases, while the effect of the other two on emissions or removals is indeterminate but expected to be minimal. A growing coalition of civil society organization, social movement, and other actors critical of REDD+ emerged between 2008 and 2011, criticizing the mechanism on climate justice grounds. ‒ a scale ‒ the geographical area from which it is derived or to which it is applied ‒ and a period over which the reference level is calculated. Reddish brown is associated with harvest and autumn, and the brownish color highlights the masculine qualities. It is safe on all surfaces. [49], In some project-based REDD+, disreputable companies have taken advantage of low governance.[50]. Details on the reporting and technical assessment of reference levels is given in Decision 13/CP.19. Other issues relate to the conflict between the REDD+ approach and existing national development strategies, the participation of forest communities and indigenous peoples in the design and maintenance of REDD+, the programme's funding, and the consistent monitoring of said funding to ensure equitable distribution across programme members. This Technical Annex was reviewed through the International Consultation and Analysis process and on 22 September 2015 a technical report was issued by the UNFCCC which states that "the LULUCF experts consider that the data and information provided in the technical annex are transparent, consistent, complete and accurate" (paragraph 38).[41]. Buy Red Bull Energy Drink Wholesale. Energy drinks give you an good energy boost; Quick pick me up; Vitamin B: improves mood and can fight cancer and heart disease B12: Keeps your red blood cells and nerves healthy. [9], In 2009 at COP 15, decision 4/CP.15: "Methodological guidance for activities relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries"[10] provided more substantive information on requirements for REDD+. Based on our long-term research, Reef Energy Plus is an enhanced supplement that provides the complete nutritional components needed by Soft, LPS, SPS, and non-photosynthetic corals for vitality, growth, and coloration. Very careful consideration of all relevant information is therefore of crucial importance.[16]. In response to concerns, the COP has responded by establishing REDD+ safeguards, to establish a specific set of requirements for participation in the REDD+ programme. [54][55] Some developing countries, such as Brazil and China, maintain that developed countries must commit to real emissions reductions, independent of any offset mechanism. This would require Annex I countries to agree to deeper cuts in emissions of greenhouse gases in order to create a market for the carbon credits from REDD+, which is unlikely to happen soon given the current state of negotiations in the COP, but even then there is the fear that the market will be flooded with carbon credits, depressing the price to levels where REDD+ is no longer an economically viable option. "Actors' perceptions of forest biodiversity values and policy issues related to REDD plus implementation in Peru." [14] The GCF currently finances REDD+ programs in phase 1 (design of national strategies or action plans, capacity building) and phase 2 (implementation of national strategies or action plans, demonstration programs). However, a set of requirements has been elaborated to ensure that REDD+ programs contain key elements and that reports from Parties are consistent and comparable and that their content are open to review and in function of the objectives of the Convention. Energy Plus Red has been used by large industrial users for over twenty years. Energy Plus is a certified Clean Air Choice by the Southern California AQMD. Energy Plus Red is currently used in oil refineries for general maintenance and spill cleanup. It does provide clarity on potential areas for improvement. Another option would be some form of reduced impact logging in commercial logging, under the REDD+ eligible activity of sustainable management of forests. Decision 1/CP 16 requests all developing countries aiming to undertake REDD+ to develop the following elements:[12], (b) A national forest reference emission level and/or forest reference level or, if appropriate, as an interim measure, subnational forest reference emission levels and/or forest reference levels, (c) A robust and transparent national forest monitoring system for the monitoring and reporting on REDD+ activities (see below), with, if appropriate, subnational monitoring and reporting as an interim measure, (d) A system for providing information on how the social and environmental safeguards (included in an appendix to the decision) are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of REDD+. Probert, C., Sharrock, S. and Ali, N. 2011. Energy Plus Red is sold in 5 gallon, 55-gallon drums, and totes. Indigenous Peoples protested in 2008 against the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues final report on climate change and a paragraph that endorsed REDD+; this was captured in a video entitled "the 2nd May Revolt". (a) Continuation in updating and improving the carbon density map, including through the use of improved ground data from Brazil’s first national forest inventory, possibly prioritizing geographic areas where deforestation is more likely to occur; (b) Expansion of the coverage of carbon pools, including improving the understanding of soil carbon dynamics after the conversion of forests to non-forests; (c) Consideration of the treatment of non-CO2 gases to maintain consistency with the GHG inventory; (d) Continuation of the improvements related to monitoring of forest degradation; (e) Expansion of the forest monitoring system to cover additional biomes. Below follows a – no doubt incomplete – list of such concepts and approaches. The newly established Green Climate Fund already is supporting phase 1 and 2 REDD+ programs, and is finalizing rules to allow disbursement of result-based finance to developing countries that submit verified reports of emission reductions and enhanced removals of greenhouse gases. [24], In 2009, at COP-15 in Copenhagen, the Copenhagen Accord was reached, noting in section 6 the recognition of the crucial role of REDD and REDD+ and the need to provide positive incentives for such actions by enabling the mobilization of financial resources from developed countries. In the last two decades,[when?] [46] This risk is largely negated by the focus on national and subnational REDD+ programs, and by government ownership of these initiatives. Maroon color is dark brownish red which is why it … Countries were encouraged to develop national strategies, develop domestic capacity, establish reference levels, and establish a participatory approach with "full and effective engagement of indigenous peoples and local communities in (…) monitoring and reporting".[11]. Based on our long-term research, Reef Energy Plus is an enhanced supplement that provides the complete nutritional components needed by … It can be used in a hot or cold application and is suitable as a dip tank cleaner or as a steam cleaning compound replacing caustic soda. Based on our long-term research, Reef Energy Plus is an enhanced supplement that provides the complete nutritional components needed by Soft, LPS, SPS, and non-photosynthetic corals for vitality, growth, and coloration. Red Bull ENERGY DRINK PRODUCTS Vitalizes Body and Mind.® Red Bull Energy Drink is appreciated worldwide by top athletes, busy professionals, university students and … [40] The Technical Annex covers the Amazon biome within Brazil's territory, a little under half of the national territory, reporting emission reductions against Brazil's previously submitted reference emission level of 2,971.02 MtCO2e from a reduction in deforestation. The United States also provides significant regional and bilateral support to numerous countries implementing REDD+. The actual reporting of REDD+ results is not going through the National Communications, however, but through the Biennial Update Reports (BURs).[13]. 16 ] Red plans the United States also provides significant regional and bilateral support to numerous countries implementing.! 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