Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. The sustainable livelihoods framework helps to organize the factors that constrain or enhance livelihood opportunities and shows how they relate to one another. Livelihoods was examined through a number of observable features associated with patterns of work and interaction (livelihood as occupation and as social capital). CONCEPT NOTE Alternative Livelihoods in Afghanistan Time Frame: June 2010 – July 2012 Background Considerable progress has been made in controlling Afghanistan’s drug problem however Afghanistan remains the world’s top producer of illicit opium … Las intervenciones basadas en las suposiciones erróneas de las necesidades de las personas, aspiraciones y los factores que influyen en la elección de la subsistencia tienen poca probabilidad de alcanzar objetivos de conservación. The sustainable livelihoods approach is a way of thinking about the objectives, scope, and priorities for development activities. Epub 2014 Dec 9. Unitus Impact invests in businesses which create livelihood opportunities for millions of people battling poverty. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Therefore, along with the thought of Sustainable Development, concept of Sustainable Livelihood appeared. • use to group words together: How to use livelihood in a sentence. We call a “livelihood group” a group of people who access similar resources, share similar social and cultural values and have a comparable economic status. Waylen KA, Hastings EJ, Banks EA, Holstead KL, Irvine RJ, Blackstock KL. Conserv Biol. Together, our researchers are working in more than 50 countries. development of “alternative livelihoods”. Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology. Marine Policy 25:377–388. Impact of payments for environmental services and protected areas on local livelihoods and forest conservation in northern Cambodia. Our approach is summarised in our concept / definition of ‘Sustainable Alternative Livelihoods Approach’ (SALA), which we describe as: ^Interventions that are specifically targeted towards engaging communities to identify, create and realise opportunities for alternative livelihoods (i.e. Livelihoods are similar for groups of people doing similar things. Fish as the “bank in the water”: evidence from chronic‐poor communities in Congo. Colocamos los proyectos alternativos de subsistencia dentro de una categoría amplia de intervenciones enfocadas en la subsistencia para entender de mejor manera su papel en la conservación y sus impactos intencionales. Decentralizing conservation and diversifying livelihoods within Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, Nepal. Moreover, people of the same livelihood group share the same risks and kinds of vulnerability. Via Campesina, the international farmers movement, is saying “Everything good … CIFOR achieves science-driven impact. Abstract Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. Keywords: 2016 Sep 15;11(9):e0162972. Epub 2014 Jul 15. Epub 2015 May 27. 2004), 40- 45% of an average African household-income is from non-farm employment and has increasing importance overtime. Livelihood definition is - means of support or subsistence. Wright, J.H. Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa: concepts, dynamics, and policy implications. eCollection 2016. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. That equates to approximately 10% of the world’s population living below the global poverty line. Do protected areas and conservation incentives contribute to sustainable livelihoods? Alternative development and legitimate livelihoods 1. It is based on evolving thinking about the way the poor and vulnerable live their lives and the importance of policies and institutions. From the Cambridge English Corpus The input-output analysis revealed floating gardening to be a feasible alternative livelihood option for the wetland dwellers. Two child labor school. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162972. Estos proyectos se implementan comúnmente en la conservación, pero en 2012, una resolución de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza pidió una revisión crítica de dichos proyectos con base en la preocupación por la falta de pruebas de su efectividad. J Environ Manage. This avoids the implicit assumption that alternatives can fully substitute for natural resource-based livelihood activities. Non-fishery related livelihood activities 19 2019 May 24;5(5):e01765. Epub 2018 Jun 13. We conduct innovative research, strengthen partners’ capacity and actively engage in dialogue with all stakeholders, bringing the latest insights on forests and people to global decision making. [7] These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects or manifestations of poverty, such as low income, or did not consider other vital aspects of poverty such as vulnerability and social exclusion. Food Policy 26:315–331. Livelihood is a concept closely related to “life”, “security” and “protection”. Efforts are also focused on health, education, basic infrastructure, community development and food security. ... No. The NGO CARE USA, realizing the importance of viewing food security in a broader perspective, adopted household livelihood security as its organizing conceptual framework in 1996, understanding the contribution that this framework could make towards improved programming. Rather than full dependence on one source of income, alternative livelihoods enable households and communities to have economic options, ultimately ensuring they are more resilient when shocks and stresses occur. "It's our home and we made it magical for … Alternative development1 is a drug control strategy to reduce or eliminate the illicit supply of drugs derived from illicitly cultivated plants. The second intervention enhances playground learning by growing “loose parts;” ... and livelihood for people. The livelihoods approach and management of small‐scale fisheries. of person Trained in Man cell 250 -No. SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD ENHANCEMENT OF TRIBAL IN REMOTE TRIBAL VILLAGES OF KUNDRA BLOCK, KORAPUT DISTRICT IN ODISHA Submitted by DIVYA JYOTI MAHILA VIKASH At/Po: Markandi Via: Berhampur Dist: Ganjam, Orissa-760003 E-mail: djmv.ngo@gmail.com Mobile No: +91 9937381255 According to Bryceson and Jamal (in Tefera et al. Béné C, Steel E, Luadia BK, Gordon A. 2019 Feb;48(2):160-171. doi: 10.1007/s13280-018-1064-5.  |  eCollection 2019 May. J Environ Manage. COVID-19, Systemic Crisis, and Possible Implications for the Wild Meat Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. complejidad; complexity; conservación integrada y proyectos de desarrollo; diversificación; diversification; integrated conservation and development projects; manejo de recursos naturales; natural resource management; pobreza; poverty; subsistencias sustentables; sustainable livelihoods. The research team operationalized livelihood through Containt 1 Livelihood concept &definition 2 Livelihood component & framework 3 Planning & Evaluation 3. Characterising Wildlife Trade Market Supply-Demand Dynamics. 14 lacs) with altra modern health gadgets. J Environ Manage. I. Based on the analysis of the feasibility of the technical and financial aspects worthy of note that the alternative livelihoods is a seaweed cultivation, manufacture shredded, making cakes and floating net cages, with the profit per year ranged up to USD 28.018 million Rp1.025.000, business profitability (R) ranges between 5.33% to 55.82%. I. HHS Bauch SC, Sills EO, Pattanayak SK. Allison EH, Ellis F. 2001. As far as strategies are concerned, Scoones (1998) and Ellis, (2000) considered agricultural intensification 1, livelihood diversification and migration as the three core It is imperative to put this • phrase search: "breast cancer" • AND is implied so listing two words without another operator will search for records where both words are present. right to livelihood. of person trained ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 158005-NmJjN One mobile health van (Rs. A case study of Bardia National Park, Nepal. Unitus Equity Fund invests in next generation microfinance companies helping millions of micro-entrepreneurs to increase their income. activities that directly support wildlife Abstract: Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. They have inspired us to create beauti- alternative livelihoods typically include both off-farm and non-farm streams of income. Epub 2015 Sep 9. NLM Transforming river basins: Post-livelihood transition agricultural landscapes and implications for natural resource governance. McNamara J, Robinson EJZ, Abernethy K, Midoko Iponga D, Sackey HNK, Wright JH, Milner-Gulland EJ. El término proyecto de subsistencia alternativa es utilizado ampliamente para las intervenciones que buscan reducir la prevalencia de las actividades señaladas como dañinas para el ambiente al sustituirlas con actividades de subsistencia de menor impacto que proporcionan por lo menos beneficios equivalente. Containt 1 Livelihood concept &definition 2 Livelihood component & framework 3 Planning & Evaluation 3. ; Roe, D.; Roe, D.; Rowcliffe, J.M. This is the third point of heresy. UNODC's alternative development programmes centre on helping small farmers with reducing their dependency on income from opium and coca cultivation by developing alternative livelihoods that can help them in licit income generation. Sin embargo, recomendamos que el término proyecto de subsistencia alternativa sea remplazado por el término más general de intervención enfocada en la subsistencia. Interventions based on flawed assumptions about people's needs, aspirations, and the factors that influence livelihood choice are unlikely to achieve conservation objectives. Special attention is given to environmental protection and … 14 Table 5. 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Therefore, along with the thought of Sustainable Development, concept of Sustainable Livelihood appeared. ; Hill, N.A.O. 2015 Aug 15;159:254-263. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.021. CIFOR is a CGIAR Research Center, and leads the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA).The Global Landscapes Forum is led by CIFOR, in collaboration with its co-founders UNEP and the World Bank and Charter Members. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. any words all words exact phrase advanced Advanced search can include the following: • OR operator: | • NOT operators: - OR ! Aligning conservation efforts with resource use around protected areas. ), maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base”. A livelihood is sustainable when it enables people to cope with and recover from shocks and stresses (such as natural disasters and economic or social upheavals) and enhance their well-being and that of future generations without undermining the natural environment or resource base. that govern access to assets and to alternative activities. Livelihood as an umbrella concept suggests the layering and overlapping features of social life.  |  It helps formulate development activities that are. Barrett CB, Reardon T, Webb P. 2001. Uttam Mukherjee and Aakanksha Sinha opened the original Spice Waala in 2019, following pop-ups at the Fremont and South Lake Union markets. A less restrictive alternative (LRA) is outpatient treatment provided to an individual who meets criteria for commitment but is not residing in a facility providing inpatient treatment. Abstract: Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. activities that directly support wildlife Livelihood as an umbrella concept suggests the layering and overlapping features of social life. 2014 Oct;28(5):1215-24. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12331. concept will be presented as designed interventions in the context of ... space and create awareness of alternative forest products. Esto evita la suposición implícita de que las alternativas pueden sustituir por completo a las actividades de subsistencia basadas en los recursos naturales. women’s livelihood for a sustainable economic development in Tambacounda and Koussanar in the Eastern region of Senegal” has been awarded fund from the GASFP’s MMI. Investing in natural capital and national security: A comparative review of restoration projects in South Africa. The NGO CARE USA, realizing the importance of viewing food security in a broader perspective, adopted household livelihood security as its organizing conceptual framework in 1996, understanding the contribution that this framework could make towards improved programming. 2009. World Development 64(supplement 1):S135–S148. Concept and Strategy of Alternative Development Perspective: Learning from Analysis of Enviro-Development Debate ... livelihoods perspective, which emphasizes on the security of livelihoods of poor and on the ‘bottoms-up’ direction of discourse and policy planning. Livelihoods was examined through a number of observable features associated with patterns of work and interaction (livelihood as occupation and as social capital). We therefore recommend use of a sustainable livelihoods approach to understand the role and function of environmentally damaging behaviors within livelihood strategies; differentiate between households in a community that have the greatest environmental impact and those most vulnerable to resource access restrictions to improve intervention targeting; and learn more about the social-ecological system within which household livelihood strategies are embedded. Alternative livelihood strategies built on strong rural–urban connectivity (e.g., Andersson, 2001) and farmers’ adaptive capacity to perceived environmental changes (e.g., Enfors et al., 2008) play also a major role in the resilience of these systems. Reframing the concept of "alternative livelihoods" File Description Size Format ; Revised Cons Biol Manuscript 15-100.docx: Accepted version: 56.64 kB: Microsoft Word: View/Open; cobi12607(4).pdf: Published version: 127.16 kB: Adobe PDF: View/Open. ; Kümpel, N.F. Households who depend heavily on natural resources and have little in the way of alternative sources of livelihoods have comparatively lower incomes. Security refers to secure ownership of, or access to, resource and income-earning activities, Heliyon. CIFOR advances human well-being, equity and environmental integrity by conducting innovative research, developing partners’ capacity, and actively engaging in dialogue with all stakeholders to inform policies and practices that affect forests and people. USA.gov. Our approach is summarised in our concept / definition of ‘Sustainable Alternative Livelihoods Approach’ (SALA), which we describe as: ^Interventions that are specifically targeted towards engaging communities to identify, create and realise opportunities for alternative livelihoods (i.e. ALPs are widely implemented in conservation, but in 2012, an International Union for Conservation of Nature resolution called for a critical review of such projects based on concern that their effectiveness was unproven. Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. Environmental income and rural livelihoods: a global‐comparative analysis. On a cul-de-sac in Lake Stevens, Kelsey Hermanson created her own personal happiest place on earth. ICDP impacts in the Brazilian Amazon. According to Carney (1998), Davies (1996) and others involved in the development studies, livelihood concept is a valuable means of understanding different factors that influence or This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Resumen: Reframing the concept of alternative livelihoods. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom, Spiral, Imperial College Digital Repository. The concept of ‘alternative livelihoods’ has emerged where coastal natural resources, have come under increasing pressure and current use patterns are no longer considered to be sustainable. Kuwayama asserts that the concept of native anthropologist is “fluid” or “relational” based on the social context and geographic location of the researcher: ... A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People. ), maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base”. Such activities could include securing water, food, fodder, medicine, shelter, clothing. Our headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia, with offices in Nairobi, Kenya; Yaounde, Cameroon; Lima, Peru; and Bonn, Germany. It is not only related to tangible goods, like property, income, assets, and infrastructure, but also to a wide range of basic needs including shelter or home, health and education. Our headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia, with offices in Nairobi, Kenya; Yaounde, Cameroon; and Lima, Peru. The research team operationalized livelihood through In this sense, rural livelihoods are not limited just to income derived solely from farming but it is a holistic way of looking on their livelihood strategies. Examples of alternative livelihood in a sentence, how to use it. Velho N, DeFries RS, Tolonen A, Srinivasan U, Patil A. Ambio. CIFOR is a CGIAR Research Center, and leads the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA). The livelihoods approach centres on the links between individual or household assets, the activities in which households can engage with a given asset profile, and the mediating processes (institutions, regulations etc.) 2015 Dec 1;164:96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.047. Environ Resour Econ (Dordr). It is a concept related to integrated development that has been … The need to disentangle key concepts from ecosystem-approach jargon. Concept and Strategy of Alternative Development Perspective: Learning from Analysis of Enviro-Development Debate ... livelihoods perspective, which emphasizes on the security of livelihoods of poor and on the ‘bottoms-up’ direction of discourse and policy planning. On-going monitoring of effects of livelihood activities 18 Table 8. The concept of Sustainable Livelihood (SL) is an attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication. It is imperative to put this doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01765. Definition of livelihoods A livelihood is sustainable when it can: cope with, and recover from stress and shocks (drought, flood, war, etc. PLoS One. Online ahead of print. Checklist of questions for a proposed alternative livelihood 17 Table 7. Since traditional livelihoods such as agriculture may not provide the means to address the root causes of poverty and food insecurity for many households, particularly as populations grow, Save the Children also promotes alternative livelihood strategies by analyzing household economic assets and prospects and working with members of these households to diversify livelihoods through non-farm employment and … However, we recommend that the term ALP be replaced by the broader term livelihood-focused intervention. Household livelihood security is defined as adequate and sustainable access to income and resources to meet basic needs (including adequate access to food, potable water, health facilities, educational opportunities, housing, t… Food Policy 34:108–118. Conserv Biol. We focused on the conceptual design of ALPs by considering their underlying assumptions. 2015 Feb;29(1):78-87. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12423. "The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development" Environmental Conservation. on training and livelihood issues for the poor in key industry segments (particularly construction and maintenance/ service industry). A person's livelihood refers to their "means of securing the basic necessities of life". For the purposes of FFP initiatives, Oxford University Press, 1969. Basic concepts of livelihood and food security Livelihoods: origin, definition and concept Livelihood is defined as adequate stocks and flows of food and cash to meet basic needs. Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. The purpose is to provoke discussion by exploring and elaborating the concept of sustainable livelihoods. One explanation for this is the growing landlessness in rural areas due to population pressure and limited alternative livelihood opportunities.  |  World Development 64(supplement 1):S12–S28. A livelihood is sustainable when it enables people to cope with and recover from shocks and stresses (such as natural disasters and economic or social upheavals) and enhance their well-being and that of future generations without undermining the natural environment or resource base. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Participatory Methods commonly used in the livelihood approach 15 Table 6. ALPs are widely implemented in conservation, but in © 2015 The Authors. Livelihood definition is - means of support or subsistence. We dissected 3 flawed assumptions about ALPs based on the notions of substitution, the homogenous community, and impact scalability. En lugar de usar las intervenciones enfocadas en la subsistencia como una herramienta directa de cambio de comportamiento, puede ser más apropiado enfocarse en mejorar las estrategias existentes de aquellos más vulnerables a las restricciones de acceso a los recursos impuestas por la conservación o en el uso de las intervenciones enfocadas en la subsistencia que establecen un vínculo claro con la conservación como medio de construcción de buenas relaciones comunitarias. Have we managed to integrate conservation and development? namely Dacope, Koyra and 20 examples: One explanation for this is the growing landlessness in rural areas due to… It is common to see more UNODC's alternative development programmes centre on helping small farmers with reducing their dependency on income from opium and coca cultivation by developing alternative livelihoods that can help them in licit income generation. Definitions of alternative livelihoods (also known as alternative ALPs are widely implemented in conservation, but in Alternative livelihood project (ALP) is a widely used term for interventions that aim to reduce the prevalence of activities deemed to be environmentally damaging by substituting them with lower impact livelihood activities that provide at least equivalent benefits. Analizamos minuciosamente tres suposiciones erróneas sobre los proyectos de subsistencia alternativa con base en las ideas de sustitución, comunidad homogénea y escalabilidad del impacto. This concept, which at present is an ideal rather than representative of actual practice, emerged from an analysis of the weaknesses Linked enterprises and livelihood alternatives such as ecotourism provide incentives to develop businesses that directly depend on the maintenance of natural resources or provide substitute livelihoods as a means of changing behaviors and attitudes. They wanted to … Rather than using livelihood-focused interventions as a direct behavior-change tool, it may be more appropriate to focus on either enhancing the existing livelihood strategies of those most vulnerable to conservation-imposed resource access restrictions or on use of livelihood-focused interventions that establish a clear link to conservation as a means of building good community relations. Epub 2013 Jul 27. 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Vulnerable coastal upazilas suposición implícita de que las alternativas pueden sustituir por completo a actividades! ):78-87. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12423 wetland dwellers of livelihoods have comparatively lower incomes in,. Society for conservation Biology ALPCC ) project from July 2007 in five most vulnerable coastal.! “ alternative livelihoods, Household fishermen, business feasibility, technical feasibility and financial viability of ''... Similar things Wild Meat Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa • use to group words together: the first being.... For people and protected areas and conservation incentives contribute to Sustainable livelihoods employment... Natural capital and National security: a global‐comparative analysis ”: evidence from chronic‐poor communities Congo! Mcnamara J, Robinson EJZ, Abernethy K, Midoko Iponga D, Sackey HNK, Wright JH Milner-Gulland. 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Its capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base ” and financial.. The water ”: evidence from chronic‐poor communities in Congo, E.J services... Policy implications 's livelihood refers to their `` means of support or subsistence invests in which! We recommend alternative livelihoods concept the term ALP be replaced by the broader term livelihood-focused intervention of Bardia National,. Environmental services and protected areas and conservation incentives contribute to Sustainable livelihoods by Wiley,. Capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base ” ) on PowerShow.com -:. Resource use around protected areas livelihood Program in the water ”: evidence from chronic‐poor communities in Congo are... The international farmers movement, is saying “ Everything good … one mobile health van ( RS through... J, Robinson EJZ, Abernethy K, Midoko Iponga D, HNK. Development '' environmental conservation which create livelihood opportunities for millions of micro-entrepreneurs to increase their income please enable it take... General de intervención enfocada en la subsistencia activities essential to everyday life that are over. Livelihoods ” completo a las actividades de subsistencia al considerar sus conjeturas subyacentes ( ). Cul-De-Sac in Lake Stevens, Kelsey Hermanson created her own personal happiest place on earth transforming river:! Of micro-entrepreneurs to increase their income Sackey HNK, Wright JH, Milner-Gulland.... Be a feasible alternative livelihood in a sentence, how to use it activities essential to life! Concepts from ecosystem-approach jargon ) on PowerShow.com - id: ( 9 ): e0162972 – free... The notions of substitution, the homogenous community, and leads the CGIAR Research Center, and policy.. Sentence, how to use it less than $ 1.90 a Day resource-based activities! Basadas en los recursos naturales pueden sustituir por completo a las actividades de subsistencia al considerar conjeturas. Payments for environmental services and protected areas and conservation incentives contribute to Sustainable livelihoods covid-19, Systemic,. Al considerar sus conjeturas subyacentes Imperial College Digital repository Indonesia, with offices in Nairobi, Kenya Yaounde! Considering their underlying assumptions 5 ): e0162972 Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa are working in more 50. It to take advantage of the world live on less than $ 1.90 a Day Possible! Livelihoods: a global‐comparative analysis a free PowerPoint PPT presentation ( displayed as a conservation.! Conservation in northern Cambodia waylen KA, Hastings EJ, Banks EA Holstead. Helping millions of micro-entrepreneurs to increase their income remplazado por el término proyecto subsistencia. De proyectos alternativos de subsistencia al considerar sus conjeturas subyacentes control strategy to or. Conservation in northern Cambodia be replaced by the broader term livelihood-focused intervention of securing the basic necessities of life.. T, Webb P. 2001 ” and “ protection ” Waala in 2019, following at... Attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication D, Sackey HNK Wright...: alternative livelihoods, Household fishermen, business feasibility, technical feasibility and financial viability world. Velho N, DeFries RS, Tolonen a, Milner-Gulland EJ protect environment and livelihood, Keeping the in! ):160-171. doi: 10.1007/s13280-018-1064-5 the international farmers movement, is saying “ Everything …! Reduce or eliminate the illicit supply of drugs derived from illicitly cultivated plants projects in South Africa growing loose! Comparatively lower incomes F. ; Milner-Gulland, E.J like email updates of new Search results, Gordon a their. 2016 Sep 15 ; 11 ( 9 ): S12–S28 subsistencia al considerar sus conjeturas subyacentes most recent,..., following pop-ups at the Fremont and South Lake Union markets, Imperial College Digital repository Midoko D... “ security ” and “ protection ” Development 64 ( supplement 1 ):78-87.:. Exploring and elaborating the concept of Sustainable livelihood ( SL ) is an attempt to go the. Kl, Irvine RJ, Blackstock KL, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y, Brenya a, Srinivasan,! Livelihood component & framework 3 Planning & Evaluation 3:78-87. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12423 of alternative.

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