All rights reserved. It is all the more desirable that they should be youths from a choir. Some of the most familiar and beloved music comes from the second act, including a spirited Russian dance, the 'Trepak'; the 'Chinese Dance'; the 'Waltz of the Flowers'; and the 'Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy.' 35, III. Create your account. The Nutcracker is transformed into a prince and Clara into a princess. Tchaikovsky Violin Concerto, Op. Before we learn about the composer and the music, let's learn about what happens. After finishing the sketches of the ballet, Tchaikovsky left to spend some days in Saint Petersburg, and on his return he began to compose the opera Iolanta, and also to correct the full score of the opera Yevgeny Onegin. The celesta is a bell-piano that sits upright and is played with keys. But Tchaikovsky, according to the somewhat unreliable memoirs of his brother, Modest, was not much pleased with the subject. On 23 February/7 March, Jurgenson responded: "I am sending you a box of instruments by train" [21]. Swan Lake: the story behind Tchaikovsky's great ballet score, The best (and worst) recordings of Tchaikovsky's Romeo and Juliet. An abridged version was staged at the 51st Street Theater in New York on 17 October 1940 by the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, choreographed by Alexandra Fedorova. Jacob Grimm, the oldest of the famous Brothers Grimm, also wrote about nutcrackers in his treatise on Germanic mythology, "Deutsche Mythologie," from 1835. It is made up of "The March", "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy", "Russian Dance", "Arabian Dance", "Chinese Dance", "Dance of the Reed Flutes", and "Waltz of the Flowers". Art, Music, and Architecture Around the World, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, What is Dubstep Music? The room is transformed into a pine forest (Scene 2), and the night sky clears to reveal a host of stars. Take note of what the percussion section (especially the timpani drums) adds when they make their entrance. Un-scientifically, The "1812 Overture" and "The Nutcracker" ballet music probably hold 2 of the top 5 of this measure (at least on a "highlights from" basis). The principal performers were: Stanislava Belinskaya (Clara), Sergey Legat (Nutcracker), Timofey Stukolkin (Drosselmeyer), Feliks Kshesinsky (Silberhaus), Augusta Ogoleit (Frau Silberhaus), Vasily Stukolkin (Fritz), Antonietta Dell'Era (Sugar-Plum Fairy) and Pavel Gerdt (Nutcracker). Firstly, a Ballet, by some lay definition, is work incorporating dance, music, and storytelling. The Nutcracker leaves and the bed finds its way into a snow-covered forest. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Nutcracker is able to overcome the stunned Mouse King and claims victory. He grabs it away and it breaks, but Drosselmeyer mysteriously fixes it with a handkerchief. When Clara sneaks back to the tree at midnight to check on the repaired nutcracker, she shrinks, and witnesses a battle between an army of mice and toy, tin soldiers, led by her beloved nutcracker. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. And then just enjoy the huge ending. A nutcracker is an instrument used to crack nuts, typically consisting of two hinged metal levers between which the nut is squeezed. Tchaikovsky probably wouldn't have believed that his ballet would one day become an international success, and sadly he did not live long enough to find out. 22" (on Marius Petipa's plan No. His homeward journey took him through Paris, where he discovered a new instrument: the celesta, whose clear, bell-like tone was perfectly fitted to The Nutcrackers fairy-tale ambience. To console them, Drosselmeyer gives them a huge Nutcracker in the form of a soldier, which enchants Clara. After finding it, Clara falls asleep with the nutcracker in her arms and begins a long, mystical dream. The date at the start of the fair copy of the Suite reads: "8 Feb. 1892 [O.S. Now I have started to work" [34]. Beethoven Symphony No. The last of his three ballets, it was first performed in December 1892. Well, each has their own dance music. Some critics found the choreography chaotic and the performances inconsistent. Layer 3: Rhythmic accent in the low strings and bassoons. Songs from The Nutcracker are commonly referenced and used in pop culture, particularly around Christmastime. 71a. On 18 February/2 March, Tchaikovsky went again to Saint Petersburg. Hoffmann's book: "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King". copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. 17 chapters | Tchaikovsky stayed in Rouen until 5/17 April. On 25 March/6 April he wrote to Jurgenson: "I've finished the ballet; all that remains is to insert the markings and put it in order" [46]. 5, Op. In the divertissement, Tchaikovsky used dances that were originally written for Act I. ", Create an account to start this course today. It is often used in Christmas-themed movies, television, and advertisements. The story was based on a children's fairy tale by E. T. A. Hoffmann, adapted by Alexandre Dumas . Corrections? Daniel Jaff tells the tale of a magical masterpiece. Beethoven Wrap-up and furtherlistening, 12. Adagioassai, 15. Tchaikovsky stayed in Saint Petersburg until 11/23 February, where, evidently, he received the choreographer Marius Petipa's manuscript plan of the first act of the ballet, which was dated "5 February 1891" [O.S.] Just as it looks like the nutcracker is going to lose, Clara saves him with a well-timed throw of her slipper, which hits the mouse king and knocks him out. Near to sketches for the dance Polichinella, Tchaikovsky wrote: "No. Composed 1892. Tchaikovsky's original score contains an overture and 15 numbers. Betsy Schwarm is a music historian based in Colorado. It is also often used to symbolize a person or thing that protects someone or something else. The principal soloists were Valentina Kudryavtseva (Clara), Yefim Yefimov (Nutcracker) and Aleksey Bulgakov (Drosselmeyer). The Napoleon figure (center) is from 1822. Even on the way here I composed a little of the ballet", Tchaikovsky wrote from Berlin on 8/20 March 1891 [25]. Tchaikovsky was a Russian civil servant who entered the Saint Petersburg Conservatory to study. Bring texture and dimension to your tree with this Fabric Nutcracker Head with Red Hat Tree Ornament from Wondershop. Of form, this movement is also in an easy-to-follow ABA structure listen for the changes in roles as the piece progresses. In any case, the balletmaster's plan of this act was sent to Tchaikovsky only while he was abroad. You need now only to compose great dances, and not for dancers, and all those variations would only irritate the majority of the audience" [17]. No sooner had the ink dried than he received news that his beloved sister, Sasha, had died. Just as The Mouse King is about to defeat The Nutcracker, Clara throws her slipper at him. 1 (the decoration of the tree) and No. Listen for the very rhythmic, punctuated, maybe angular feel of the main A theme. At bar 5 we move to a three layer texture: Layer 1: Melody harmonized in thirds in the violins. Said less technically, a waltz also has a kind of spin to it that other dances dont have (in contrast, the dance of the reed flutes is metered in a slower 1-2-1-2). Tchaikovsky's manuscript score is now preserved in the Russian National Museum of Music in Moscow (. There is a second note, apparently made later: "Grossvater see the end of the copybook after everything else". On 2/14 June the composer wrote to Anna Merkling: "At this moment my work is coming along very successfully" [36]. Peter Tchaikovsky, conductor. On 3/15 June 1891, the composer told Pyotr Jurgenson that he was writing Act II of the ballet; he also asked him to order a new orchestral instrument ("Celesta-Mustel") from Paris, "with a divinely unusual sound", which he wanted to use in the symphonic ballad The Voyevoda and in the ballet[35]. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In this episode, Tchaikovsky is attempting to emulate a dance from where?, The section heard in this selection is what part of the form?, The section heard in this selection is what part of the form? "The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy" featured a brand-new instrument called the "Celesta". The full score was published by Pyotr Jurgenson in 1892. When the young Claras eccentric godfather, Drosselmeyer, drops in bearing gifts, it is clear this will be a Christmas like no other. And instantly, were transported to a totally different world. "The Nutcracker" is based on the book "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King," by E.T.A. So, how did this ballet come about? Trepak is one dance from a set of dances found in Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker, a ballet from 1892. In the palace of the Kingdom of Sweets (Confiturenburg), the Sugar Plum fairy appears to welcome the travellers to the delights of her kingdom. I think that by the time I leave a considerable part of the first act will have been done" [22]. The newspapers reviled Tchaikovsky, and he did not live to see the piece succeed. The celesta produces a tinkling sound that gives "The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy" its distinct sound. It seems that at this meeting the outline scenario for Act II was finalised. Tchaikovsky and Vsevolozhsky had planned from the outset that children would play a major role in The Nutcracker, a highly unusual and controversial decision for that time. Evidently, in Rouen Tchaikovsky resumed work on 31 March/12 April. The music was composed by Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky and features the use of instruments like the celesta. Tchaikovsky Wrap-up and furtherlistening, 21. The celesta was used to evoke the sound of the Sugar Plum Fairy. The piece is also referred to as the Russian dance and is part of the . A series of fascinating performers follow -- Arabian women with veils, Russian dancers doing a native dance, Chinese and Spanish dancers. The dolls spring to life, and gingerbread soldiers left over from tea begin to march to and fro. Clara falls asleep with the Nutcracker in her arms. The second time around, the lower strings (cello and bass) continue the accompaniment, while the upper strings, violins and violas, do some interplay stuff with the flutes. They should be played at the points indicated by the children in the scene, and also: The Rattle (Schnarre) is as used in the children's symphonies by Haydn, Romberg, etc. 71 ( TH 14 ; W 14), is a fairy ballet in 2 acts and 3 scenes, written and orchestrated by Tchaikovsky between February 1891 and April 1892. This timeless classic follows the young Clara and her Nutcracker prince as they are swept away on an enchanting adventure, led by the mysterious Drosselmeyer and Lady Silberhaus. Choreographic duties fell to Petipas assistant, Lev Ivanov. The last A section closely resembles the opening, but louder with the brass, and also you hear the strings doing this wild flying scale thing. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Nutcracker, Internet Archive - "The Nutcracker Ballet", Humanities LibreTexts Library - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky - "The Nutcracker". - Definition & Texture, Operetta: Definition, Composers & Famous Examples, Camelot the Musical: Synopsis, Characters & Songs, The Nutcracker Ballet: Composer, Music & Story, Intertextuality in Music: Definition & Examples, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Flight of the Bumblebee & Scheherazade, Art & Architecture of the Ancient Middle East, Ancient South American Art & Architecture, Introduction to Textiles & the Textile Industry, DSST Art of the Western World: Study Guide & Test Prep, High School Liberal Arts & Sciences: Help & Review, World Music & Art Lesson Plans & Activities, UExcel Introduction to Philosophy: Study Guide & Test Prep, Humanities 201: Critical Thinking & Analysis, NES Music - WEST (504): Practice & Study Guide, The Nutcracker Lesson for Kids: Story & Ballet, Contemporary African Architecture: Examples & Trends, North African Architecture: History & Examples, West African Architecture: History & Examples, Space Frame: Definition, Structures & Design, Thin Shell Concrete: Structures & Construction, Urban Renewal: Definition, Projects & Strategy, Hundertwasser: House, Architecture & Buildings, Pope Gregory XIII: Accomplishments & Legacy, Pope Gregory XVI: Biography & Accomplishments, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Clara's father, Hans Stahlbaum, the town's mayor, Clara's godfather, Herr Drosselmeyer, who gifts her the nutcracker for Christmas, Sugar Plum Fairy, watches over the Land of the Sweets in the prince's absence. 71a 7. The Russian ballet initially received mixed reviews. Tchaikovsky's ballet Nutcracker was just such a creation. 1, http://archiv.narodni-divadlo.cz/default.aspx?jz=cs&dk=Inscenace.aspx&ic=984&sz=0&fo=000&ju=0&abc=0&pn=256affcc-f203-2000-85ff-c11223344aaa, https://en.tchaikovsky-research.net/index.php?title=The_Nutcracker&oldid=58805, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. The children burst into the room with some friends, and all join in a lively march round the room, before breaking into a galop. A one-time diplomat, Vsevolozhsky had developed his love for French culture (shared by Tchaikovsky) and particularly ballet while posted in Paris. Then the other children's parents enter, dressed as fops and dandies. In the manuscript score and autograph sketches, the title of the ballet is given as, The title in the sketches is listed variously as, According to the sketches, this number was originally to have been called, An audio reconstruction of Tchaikovsky's sketches for the English dance is included in our. From their correspondence, and from Petipas original choreographic plan, we know that Vsevolozhsky originally intended to have the children perform a series of national dances in costumes presented as Christmas gifts in Act I. Whats that moving around, and how does it move? "Waltz of the Flowers" is another relatively high tempo song, played in tempo di valse, meaning waltz tempo. She is thanked profusely. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Ravel Piano Concerto in G, I.Allegramente, 14. Germany is a leading manufacturer of traditional nutcrackers. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Experience the magic of the holidays as it comes to life on stage in the Nutcracker! The various ballet and opera characters, he said, frighten, horrify, and pursue me, waking and sleeping, mocking me with the thought that I shall not cope with them. Background "The Nutcracker" ballet was first performed in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1892. Even the artist Alexandre Benois, who admired Vsevolozhsky and later inspired Diaghilev to follow his example, found the battle scene quite senseless and amateurish.. A complete performance of The Nutcracker lasts around 90 minutes. The music in "The Nutcracker" was composed by Pyotr Tchaikovsky. There are unexpected distractions" [38]. Even beside these exotic colours, Tchaikovskys mastery of evocative orchestral colours remains peerless. In this fairy tale, toys come to life and battle an army of mice. After their dance through the Land of Snow, Clara and the Nutcracker waltz through the Land of Sweets (via Nutcracker Ballet). Additionally, the scenery and costumes were panned as tasteless, and the performance of the ballerina who danced the role of the Sugar Plum Fairy was widely criticized. Context Tchaikovsky's iconic Waltz of the Flowers is a piece of orchestral music that features in the second act of his ever-loved festive ballet The Nutcracker. Learn about "The Nutcracker" ballet and its music and story. By 12/24 February the composer had not begun work [14], but by 18 February/2 March some scenes had been composedNo. The mice, led by The Mouse King, battle with the soldiers, now led by The Nutcracker. No one knows who came up with the idea. Keeping watch over the Land of Sweets in the Nutcracker's absence was the Sugar Plum Fairy. His nephew, Yury Davydov, recalled that he not only composed the music but invented the steps and pirouettes, and danced them himself, showing the performers what he required of them. As weve seen before, Tchaikovsky showing his forceful side at his best, knowing how to create excitement, and build it up to a thrilling ending. First performance: 19 March 1892, St. Petersburg, Russia. Musically speaking, a waltz is a dance that is in 3-beat meter, to which you can count a quick 1-2-3-1-2-3-1-2-3. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. And again, enjoy all the nice colors and textures going on, and appreciate how imaginative and visually evocative Tchaikovskys writing is. Much of the music from The Nutcracker is still very popular and recognizable today. He was drawn to Hoffmanns The Nutcracker, as re-written by Alexandre Dumas senior, which was enjoying popularity in Russia. The Nutcracker Ballet is a famous and colorful Christmas ballet based on 'The Nutcracker and the Mouse King,' a story in a book of fairy tales written by German author E. T. A. Hoffman in 1816. And I have been here nearly a week, working all hours; two days remain before I sail for America. The mice army quickly carries away their king. At such moments Uncle Pyotr, red in the face, wet with perspiration as he sang the tune, presented a pretty amusing sight.. So might the alleged shortcomings of Tchaikovskys music in Nutcracker have been, in fact, deliberate ploys rather than shortcomings? Tchaikovsky had used the glockenspiel in his still little-known Orchestral Suite No. Later, our heroes ride through the magical snowy forest accompanied by the 'Waltz of the Snowflakes.' Inspired by a discovery he made in Paris, he wrote to his publisher about a new orchestral instrument, something between a small piano and a glockenspiel with a divinely marvellous sound It is called the Celesta Mustel and it costs 1,200 francs I would like to ask you to order this instrument. Functions [ edit] Using a Nutcracker On the copy of the manuscript of the plan is Petipa's note: "This was sent on 9 March 1891 [O.S.] Unlike pliers, the pivot point is located at the end beyond the nut, rather than in the middle. The same archive holds Tchaikovsky's arrangement for solo piano (. He is what the French call vieu jeu [16]. The carved nutcrackers are then painted. The Nutcracker is a ballet with music written by the Russian composer, Pyotr Ilych Tchaikovsky. The date "Rouen, 12 April" was also written by Tchaikovsky on the choreographer's manuscript plan of Act II. The lever version is also used for cracking lobster and crab shells. The Christmas-tree grows enormously in size. The Nutcracker was arranged for piano by Sergey Taneyev, but in view of the difficulty of this arrangement, Tchaikovsky made a simplified one of his own. Hoffmann's original story was darker than the ballet, but the plot remains largely the same. . The Russian musicologist Boris Asafyev acclaimed Nutcracker as representing 'the ripening soul of a little girl' who grows from playing with dolls to 'the dawn of love through dreams of love of a brave and virile hero', while Maurice Sendak, author of Where the Wild Things Are, found the music 'bristling with implied action,' with 'a subtext This gives The Nutcracker just enough time to stab The Mouse King. Clara and Fritz are put to bed. It has not been established whether Tchaikovsky composed anything on his way to Berlin. Tchaikovsky's score, however, was met with more enthusiasm. Nutcracker was based on the Alexandre Dumas translation of a Hoffmann tale, in which a little girl comes to the aid of her Christmas gift (a magical nutcracker in the . A famous ballet. 71 ( TH 14 ; W 14), is a fairy ballet in 2 acts and 3 scenes, written and orchestrated by Tchaikovsky between February 1891 and April 1892. Bon voyage, M. Dumolet", the latter being the title of a humorous 18th-century French song, subsequently used in the music for this number. The Nutcracker by Tchaikovsky is based on the version of Dumas. Several scholars have blamed the scenario, which they claim failed to inspire Tchaikovsky. Tchaikovsky was a Russian civil servant who entered the Saint Petersburg Conservatory to study music at the age of 21. The premiere of the ballet, with the opera Iolanta, took place on 6/18 December 1892 in Saint Petersburg, at the Mariinsky Theatre, conducted by Riccardo Drigo, and produced by the balletmaster Lev Ivanov. In contrast, the Waltz of the Flowers is the final dance of . Like Handel's Messiah, it has long enjoyed a place of de facto holiday tradition throughout the Western world. Drosselmeyer also gives Clara a nutcracker. Many ballet companies perform it every holiday season. The original story was more dark and disturbing, with choreographer Marius Petipa deciding to take a lighter approach to Clara's Christmastime dream when adapting it for the stage. The Nutcracker () [1], Op. On 28 January/9 February he wrote to Pyotr Jurgenson: "I'm starting with the orchestration of those numbers from the ballet which will go into the suite, and will then do the rest. 3Girofl-Girofl, popular French song", i.e. 52) [view]. Ravel Bolro, and Intro to Impressionism/Modernism, 13. The story of The Nutcracker is loosely based on the E.T.A. "March of the Toy Soldiers" is arguably one of the most recognizable songs from The Nutcracker. One of ballets unsung heroes, Vsevolozhsky not only nurtured Tchaikovskys talent for the form, inspiring him to compose Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker, but he also raised ballet to a high art-form. The toy instruments are used in Act I (No. By entering your details, you are agreeing to our terms and conditions and privacy policy. After everyone has gone to bed Clara comes down to see her Nutcracker, which seems to be giving off a mysterious light. A waltz for the Sugar-Plum Fairy's attendants, is followed by a Pas de deux for the Prince and the Sugar-Plum fairy. (LogOut/ On 20 April/2 May, the composer wrote from New York to Eduard Npravnk: "I cannot start working again before June at the earliest otherwise whatever I tried to write would turn out wretchedly" [33]. 71 (TH 14; W 14), is a fairy ballet in 2 acts and 3 scenes, written and orchestrated by Tchaikovsky between February 1891 and April 1892. I think it will be finished by the summer" [44]. But the question is, when will I be able to do the rest?". On 17/29 June, Tchaikovsky wrote to his brother Modest: "It is also good for me here, but work isn't going as quickly now as at first. 8 in the sketchbook is the date: ", Sketches for Act II were begun in a separate copy-book; it seems probable that all sketches for Act I were completed in, International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP), The Tchaikovsky Handbook. 51) [view], except for the numbers used in the Suite, which were extracted from the score and replaced by manuscript copies [51]. There they witness many wonderful dances from all over the world, highlighted by the sugar plum fairy herself dancing with a regal cavalier. The nutcracker, now transformed into a handsome prince, jumps aboard and they ride into a magical winter forest filled with snowflakes. Dance of the Sugar-Plum Fairy. On 25 February/9 March, the composer wrote to Modest Tchaikovsky: "I am working with all my strength and reconciling myself to the subject of the ballet. Heinrich Hoffmann, best known as the creator of the children's book "Der Struwwelpeter" (Shaggy Peter), also wrote his own version of E.T.A Hoffmann's story. Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker is based on the short story by ETA Hoffman called "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King." The ballet proper debuted in December of that year. On 15/27 March, he wrote to Vladimir Davydov: "I shall leave Paris on 6th April/25 March, I still don't know where to, in order to work on the ballet" [26], and on 30 March/11 April he reported to Praskovya Tchaikovskaya from Rouen: "I came here yesterday for a few days' rest and solitude from Parisian life" [27]. Nine o'clock strikes, on a clock consisting of an owl which flaps its wings at each stroke. The party then winds down and everyone goes to bed except Clara, who falls asleep under the Christmas tree with the nutcracker safe in her arms. Beside one of the sketches for No. French writer Alexandre Dumas came up with his own adaptation of the story in 1844, which was then turned into a ballet by the Russian composer Tchaikovsky in 1892. On 19 February/3 March, Tchaikovsky wrote from Saint Petersburg to Pyotr Jurgenson: "I require children's instruments (from the symphonies of Haydn and Romberg), because I want to make use of them in my forthcoming ballet. William Christensen's production with the San Francisco Ballet on 24 December 1944 was the first complete performance in the United States. It was a new instrument at the time, and he was among the first to use it for an orchestral work, most notably in segments featuring the Sugar Plum Fairy. Hoffmann. Clara picks up the broken Nutcracker and cradles it in her arms., singing it a lullaby, while the boys tease her. Fritz hears the noise of the nuts cracking, and tries to seize the nutcracker. Dance of the Reed-Flutes. The ballet is called "The Nutcracker" because Clara's adventure starts with her gift of a nutcracker. Change). This concluded Tchaikovsky's work on the ballet before his departure abroad on 6/18 March. On 3/15 April, Tchaikovsky wrote from Rouen to Ivan Vsevolozhsky: "As I expected, during my three weeks in Paris, it goes without saying that I could not write a single note. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky composed the music for it and thus turned it into the world's greatest Christmas ballet. 89). 23 in A, II. In large amounts this is unbearable. Worse still was the battle between the mice and the toys. He described how wooden nutcrackers were carved as protective figures of strength and power. The Nutcracker Suite is a sparkly little box of jewels made up of highlights from Tchaikovsky's fairy tale ballet The Nutcracker, which has become a Christmas staple around the world: conductor . Un-scientifically, The 1812 Overture and The Nutcracker ballet music probably hold 2 of the top 5 of this measure (at least on a highlights from basis). The tool is designed to crack open all sorts of nuts, and usually resembles a pair of pliers. And also send notes, explaining how the children's instruments should be played" [20]. As the grand finale, a regal cavalier dances with the Sugar Plum Fairy. Elgar Pomp and Circumstance March No. 23 No. Tchaikovsky's unfavourable attitude to the using The Nutcracker for a ballet scenario is reflected in a letter from Ivan Vsevolozhsky to Tchaikovsky of 9/21 August 1891: "I have experienced agonies of remorse for asking you to do this ballet. The story is set in eighteenth-century Germany: Act I. A decorative version portrays a person whose mouth forms the jaws of the nutcracker. Mozart Wrap-up and furtherlistening, 3. Set to Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn's jazzy interpretation of Tchaikovsky's iconic score, The Nutcracker Suite is the largest work Dorrance's . According to the composer, the audience was unenthusiastic: "The Nutcracker was staged quite well: it was lavishly produced and everything went off perfectly, but nevertheless, it seemed to me that the public did not like it. The family business in Seiffen is now being run by the eighth generation of Fchtners. This is the final farewell to the prince from the Sugar Plum Fairy. The March in which the glockenspiel appears anticipates Nutcrackers soundworld, including the celebrated Dance of the Sugar-Plum Fairy. The music aligns with the dramatic stylings of the Romantic Period, which was the style in Europe up until about the 1840s. 1, composed in 1879. Typically, ballets are the result of collaboration between a composer and a choreographer. Hoffmann fantasy story The Nutcracker and the Mouse King, about a girl who befriends a nutcracker that comes to life on Christmas Eve and wages a battle against the evil Mouse King. Everyone then bids the nutcracker and Clara goodnight, and the wonderful scene disappears.