Numbers 10:29, which is quoted on page 282, says of Hobab the son whose sister Zipporah Moses married: "Then Moses said to Hobab the son of Reuel the Midianite, the father-in-law of Moses: 'We are pulling away for the place about which Jehovah said.'" (NW) Since Reuel the Midianite was Moses' father-in-law, then Reuel 's son Hobab was the brother-in-law of Moses. 7; Mek., Yitro, 'Amale, 1; Tan., Shemot, 11; comp. The Pharaoh himself is mentioned in Ezekiel 29:3 as a mighty dragon sprawling in your channels. In this view the Pharaohs power derives from the crocodile god Sobek with the Nile being its dominion. He never thinks of taking advantage of his position as first counselor to the great leader Moses. Biblical Archaeology Review is the guide on that fascinating journey. It is a tradition reflected in Stephens speech in the New Testament (Acts 7:23he was 40 years old when he fled from Egypt; 7:29-30God appeared to him at Sinai 40 years later). Jethro appears to have many names throughout the Torah. These events take place in the Torah portion Yitro (Exodus 18:120:23). Scripture describes how, after Moses protected Jethro 's daughters from shepherds who did not allow them to access the local well, Jethro "gave his daughter Zipporah to Moses."3. Wiesel raised an issue over whether Jethro rejoiced or trembled after hearing the report of Yahwehs victory over the Egyptians in Exodus 18:9. Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! After Moses killed an Egyptian, he fled to Midian ( Exodus 2:15 ). Jethro means: eminent. (Photo credit: Wikipedia), As mentioned before, the Awassi sheep are excellent milk producers. Following this event, it was Jethro who encouraged Moses to appoint others to share in the burden of ministry to the nation Israel by allowing others to help in the judgment of smaller matters coming before him. Why did you leave him out there? The Marriage of Jethro's Daughter and Moses . Tragically, on February 25, 1991, Kelly died in a car . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Continue Learning about Religious Studies. [6], The dating to about 1523 is linked to the coloristic affinities with the Marriage of the Virgin, in the Basilica of San Lorenzo, even if Goldschmidt and Pevsner suggested a slightly later dating, perhaps of the Roman period. It built her strength and health. We can learn about the society where the ancient Israelites, and later Jesus and the Apostles, lived through the modern discoveries that provide us clues. Shifra and Puah, whose names describe beauty, are also women who radiate morality and who call us to arms, to fight for what is right. 11), and "Putiel"; Eleazar's father-in-law (Ex. [1] She was the second wife of Moses, and the mother of Gershom. One can see Jethro clearly: His demeanor is surely elegant, sincere, irreproachable. LONDON - 1955: Jethro's daughters, portrayed by Lisa Mitchell, Noelle WIlliams, Joanna Merlin, Pat Richard, Joyce Vanderven and Diane Hall, during the filming of "The Ten Commandments" by Cecil B. DeMille at studios in London, England. b. Here's everything we know. The correlation simply does not ring true. vi. In the Bible, no one is perfectneither perfectly good nor absolutely evil. The shepherds wanted to take advantage of the efforts of the young women to give their animals to drink, but the threatening intervention of the young Moses, sitting nearby, made them quit. (Ex 18:1-12) The next day, Jethro observed Moses listening to the problems of the Israelites from the morning till the evening. Perceiving how exhausting this was for both Moses and the people, Jethro suggested a system of delegating authority. ). This cant be as Jewish community had not been larger than 100.000. When we first meet this man in Exodus 2:18 (ESV)we read, "When they came home to their father Reuel, he said" then we see in verse 21 that Moses marries one of "the man's" daughters named Zipporah. Shifra (from the root ) means something along the lines of beauty/clarity but the root also gives us the noun shofar the horn that is blown to call to attention. Video lectures from world-renowned experts. He is introduced in Exodus 2:18. sons born to them. 16, iv. Copyright 1995 by American Bible Society For more information about CEV, visit www.bibles.com and www.cev.bible. In Islam he is mentioned in the Quran as a prophet who was sent to the city of Midian. Jethro's daughter, Zipporah, became Moses's wife after Moses had fled Egypt, having killed an Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew slave. 13. He speaks only when asked. Whether or not "Jethro" was actually a title is not important to the issue, though it could explain why the two names are introduced for one man without any explanation. After all, if Moses treats him with such deference, such respect, as to kneel before him, Jethro must deserve it. I have seen how my people are suffering as slaves in Egypt, and I have heard them beg for my help because of the way they are being mistreated. Moses then took up living in Jethros household and eventually married his daughter Zipporah. It developed her sense of purpose and responsibility. Is the erasure of their identities and their active choices that changed our history forever down to conspiracy or to accident? In the free eBook Ancient Israel in Egypt and the Exodus, top scholars discuss the historical Israelites in Egypt and archaeological evidence for and against the historicity of the Exodus. The scene is essentially tripartite on three levels, but the complexity of the articulation binds the plans with continuous references, subverting the traditional Renaissance balances. Moses was afraid to look at God, and so he hid his face. . With no one to take control of the wheel, the vehicle crashed, and both mother and daughter died instantly. In the land of Midian, Moses, on his way to a well, rescued Jethro's seven daughters from the hands of the evil shepherds. There are cases of them even contradicting scripture and they certainly all contradict each other. The last of the great Cecil B. DeMille epics, and a remake of his own 1923 silent film of the same name, this 1956 film from Paramount tells the biblical story of Moses and the Exodus.. Moses (Charlton Heston) and Rameses (Yul Brynner) are in a Love Triangle with Nefretiri (Anne Baxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. [1] It depicts the Biblical episode when Moses defended the seven daughters of Jethro, who would be his father-in-law. It is in this context that Zipporah brings her son into the covenant with Yahweh and the side of holiness since the serpent was considered to be from the side of unholiness, referred to throughout the Zohar as the other side. Moses mission was to oppose Pharaoh and his oppressive policies and the first sign given was the defeat of Pharaohs magicians whose rods turned into dragons but were devoured by Aarons rod. In the KJV translation of Judges 4:11, a man named Hobab appears as Moses' father-in-law, while Numbers 10:29 makes him "the son of Raguel [Reuel] the Midianite, Moses' father in law". Judges i. He saved them and watered their flocks for them. In the synopsis for the new episode, everything is directly tied back to Emily Fornell's overdose . In the dangerous world of a Pharaoh determined to suppress the Israelite population by killing every male child not only has a baby but hides him for three months, before making a vessel of bulrushes and placing the child in it to be caught in the reeds at the rivers edge. Let us learn what we can about this fascinating figure. [5][6][7] For the Druze, Shuayb is considered the most important prophet, and the ancestor of all Druze.[8][9]. Equally fascinating is that David's pious great-grandmother Ruth demonstrated the very same quality when she entered Israel. It is this image which Marcel Proust used to describe the love of Charles Swann's life, Odette de Crcy. Along with them three are and other three olders who seen in the celebration nearby their father Jethro. The practical and very timely lesson that our sages draw from this story: When a man comes and asks to be converted, we should not send him away. They met in the wilderness at the "Mountain of God";[10] Moses recounted to Jethro all that had taken place, and then, according to Exodus 18:912a: Jethro rejoiced for all the good which the Lord had done for Israel, whom He had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians. [3] In Solomons ancient love poem, he refers to the Shulamite as being dark skinned from a life outdoors, tending the vineyard and caring for her flock of goats (Song of Solomon 1:5-8). Genesis 29:16-27. Since the Masoretes vocalised the text to make the midwives Hebrew women, and Rashi follows the tradition from BT Sotah we find ourselves corralled to seeing them not as brave Egyptian women who followed their consciences and put their faith in God, but as Hebrew women doing exactly what we would expect them to do, and indeed see them as the sister and mother of Moses whose function was entirely about protecting him as an infant. Sephora was a Midianite shepherd girl and the eldest daughter of Jethro, the sheik of Midian. If Jephthah were to be arrested for the killing of his daughter, the prosecutor would have some evidence, though largely circumstantial. Now Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, had taken Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her home, along with her two sons. Shifra & Puah, midwives of our history. Daughters Draw Drew Father's Fill Filled Flock Midian Mid'ian Priest Seven Troughs Water Exodus 2 1. Warner Amminadab Henry Wilcoxon Pentaur Julia Faye Elisheba John Miljan The Blind One Woody Strode King of Ethiopia / Litter carrier-slave Michael Ansara Taskmaster (uncredited) Cecil B. DeMille Director, Producer Elmer . The book of the pentaeuch do not fix together and are just written by several authors in and after the Exile. The same support on canvas, never used by the painter before his stay in France, also raises doubts. But vayihad Yithro could easily mean his flesh crawled [with fear], he had goose bumps.b The Ten Commandments (1956) Full Cast & Crew See agents for this cast & crew on IMDbPro Directed by Cecil B. DeMille . Soundtrack: Official Soundtrack Nashville Inspirational Their names are Ephorah (older), Ajolidoforah (middle), and Jethrodiadah (youngest). Jethro is first mentioned in the Bible in Exodus 2:16 where he is described as "a priest of Midian." He is also referred to as Reuel (verse 18), which could indicate the equivalent of a last name. It was first connected to the reference in Vasari by Gaetano Milanesi[4] It is unclear if the original work was sent to France or, as Antonio Natali theorises, this is a faithful copy. Grateful, Jethro invited Moses to stay and break bread with him: Moses consented to stay with the man, and he gave Moses his daughter Zipporah as wife (Exodus 2:21).Later, when Moses returns from freeing the Israelites from Egypt, Jethro proclaims the Israelite Gods glory, saying, Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods (Exodus 18:11). Another interesting fact is that Jethro comes to meet Moses at Sinai bringing him his wife and children. 18When Jethro's daughters returned home, their father asked, Why have you come back so early today?, 19They answered, An Egyptian rescued us from the shepherds, and he even watered our sheep and goats., 20Where is he? Jethro asked. From this interpretation emerged all the midrashim and commentary (and Masoretic vocalisation) that Shifra and Puah were both Hebrew women and of the family of Moses. Dig into the illuminating world of the Bible with a BAS All-Access membership. August 2, 2013 After much study, I believe that Reuel and Jethro are the same person. After a dearth of women in the last sidra, the beginning of the book of Exodus simply teems with them. On the second occasion, Jethro, having heard all that the people of Israel have suffered in Egypt, and how God has saved them on their flight from the landing saved you. According to the commentary of one sage (Reb Papos), this passage may be intended as a criticism of Moses and the 600,000 men and women who were with him. Everything he does, he does without guile. Chart Raw Data By State Data via SSA.gov . Then the Holy Name was glorified on all sides (The Zohar, by Daniel Matt, vol. This online publication is adapted from Wiesels article Supporting Roles: Jethro, which was published in Bible Review in June 1998. [12], It became, however, generally accepted that he had seven names: "Reuel", "Jether", "Jethro", "Hobab", "Heber", "Keni" (comp. The Prince of Egypt "Ajolidoforah: "Not yet!" [1] Oded Borowski, Every Living Thing (1998), p. 45. From everything else we know about Miriam and Yocheved, they were not rewarded materially, nor did they become the heads of households. However, the rabbis BLAME Jethro (and Zipporah in some cases) in the midrash of which Wiesel speaks. So where is it? At the end of the day, the shepherdess brought her sheep back home. 9My people have begged for my help, and I have seen how cruel the Egyptians are to them. Mosess wife Zipporah was one of seven daughters who tended their fathers sheep (Exodus 2:16-21). 11. The rabbis do not point this out, but I think this is the point of the text. Moses later married Jethro's daughter. These girls are first heard when Moses witness them being bullied, so he saves them by distracting the water brigands with their camels. Jethro In Midian But the interpretation conflicts both with what the text tells us and with the emotional sense of the piece. The biblical Jethro was a Midianite priest and father of Zipporah, the lady who married Moses, the great lawgiver and deliverer of Israel from Egyptian bondage. This is a possibility that can be conjoined with the first option (Reuel and Jethro being two names for the same individual). Moses : Let them be first whose hands have drawn the water. The story (and the chapter) ends with Pharoahs decree repeated, but this time he broadens his audience from the midwives to the whole people: And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying: Every son that is born you shall cast into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive (1:22). I have seen how my people are suffering as slaves in Egypt, and I have heard them beg for my help because of the way they are being mistreated. Ephorah is the tall sister who has fanlike hair and wears a cerise and teal sleeveless dress with gold lemon-slice-shaped earrings with a blue necklace and gold bangles. Now Laban had two daughters; the name of the older was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel. Then Zipporah took a flint and cut off the foreskin of her son and cast it as his feet, and she said surely you are a bridegroom of blood to me. And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that God made households for them a reference to both material goods and to children. Because they were foreign? http://www.netours.com/content/view/252/72/, http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200002454, http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/s/r1/lp-e?q=Jethro&p=par. However, the Hebrew expression normally rendered father-in-law can in a broader sense denote any male relative by marriage and so could also be understood as brother-in-law. To say that Hobab instead of Jethro was Moses father-in-law would disagree with other texts. Sometime in the early 1990's, he created The Leroy Jethro Gibbs Scholarship Fund. This would make Hobab Moses' brother-in-law. They open up and . In Numbers 10:29 (ESV) we read "And Moses said to Hobab the son of Reuel the Midianite, Moses' father-in-law" but then Judges 4:11 (ESV) reads: "Now Heber the Kenite had separated from the Kenites, the descendants of Hobab the father-in-law of Moses". When called to account by Pharaoh this is not what they tell him, instead they say the Hebrew women are like animals () and before the midwives can get to them they have already delivered their babies. Bodelian Library, Oxford, MS Bodley 2708, Folio 39VA good man? United States. vi. A passage from the book of Zohar (2:69a) sums up the significance of Jethros conversion to Yahwehism: Yet a few verses later, at the incident of the burning bush, the story begins by stating Moses was shepherding his . Thus, there were not 600,000 men and women with Moses. Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters. When, after his meeting with God in the wilderness, he returns to Egypt to confront Pharaoh and demand the release of the Hebrews, his life is once again in danger, it is Zipporah who saves him. See HOBAB and RAGUEL. Now Jacob loved Rachel, so he said, "I will serve you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel."read more. Ellen suggests that he stop at the Burdows to thank Mr. Burdow for his help. As a reward, Moses was given one of the girls as his wife, Zipporah. [29] This view has been used to represent an element of the special relationship between Israeli Jews and Druze. At the inception of Wiesels Supporting Roles series in Bible Review, BAS editors wrote: We are pleasedand honoredto present our readers with the first of a series of insightful essays by Elie Wiesel, the world-renowned author and human rights advocate. [2] As a young shepherdess, Rachel met Jacob when she came to water her sheep (Genesis 29:9). On first reading the biblical text, Jethro seems a simple person, almost monolithic, someone who impresses us most as a family man. The seven daughters of Poseidon and Pleione are called the Pleiades. Was it because of the Torah that God gave to His people? Jethro is revered as the chief prophet in the Druze religion. Jethro's last name is Bodine. It is thus not surprising that King David descended in part from the nation of Moab. The rabbis identify Putiel with Jethro and give two homiletical interpretations of the name, one praiseworthy and the other . He did not forget the promise he had made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, 25and because he knew what was happening to his people, he felt sorry for them. For most, he is considered to have converted to the Jewish faith. &"Daily Bible Study--Jethro", Wayne Blank. Jethro is recorded as living in Midian, a territory stretching along the eastern edge of the Gulf of Aqaba, northwestern Arabia. This early 13th-century illustration from the Bible moralise depicts Jethro (seated under the arch on the right) rewarding Moses (left) for rescuing his daughters (six of whom are pictured in the center) and their flocks from rival shepherds. First appearing in the Season 3, two-part finale of " NCIS ," Darby Stanchfield played Leroy Jethro Gibbs ' first wife, Shannon Gibbs, for seven episodes before she departed from the show completely in 2015 (via IMDb ). Moses wasnt even Jewish, but he was Israelite, of which Judahites (later Jews) were a tribe, then more or less a nation (Judah). In Islam, Jethro is known as Shoaib, one of the prophets in the Qur'an. Some believe Midian is within the Sinai Peninsula. So God let him alone, and she said A bridegroom of blood in regard to circumcision. Judges 1:16. The Sinai mountain is not vulcanic as the sound / trumpets is clear description of vulcano eruption. We meet the sister of this child who watches to see what will happen. Jacob managed large flocks that belonged to others along with his own animals. Commenting on the size of nomadic herds, Borowski states, Herds can be very large, from 150,000 to 200,000 animals, and they are comprised of one species or are mixed.[5] The young nomadic women worked close to home. [7], There is a pendant, Rebecca in the Well almost certainly a copy of Rosso attributed to Giovanni Antonio Lappoli, in the National Museum of the Royal Palace, in Pisa[6], The painting represents the biblical episode of Exodus (I, 1622), when the seven daughters of Jethro, a priest of the land of Midian, were harassed by a group of Midianite shepherds as they draw water from a well to water their father's flock. They call him Ger shel emeta genuine convert or a convert to the truth. Moses is born, and placed in a basket in the reeds of Nile. Jethro Bodine, character from the TV show The Beverly Hillbillies . The Case against Jephthah. He kills an Egyptian. The birth of Gershom seemed to be a sign for Moses that he had done the right thing by fleeing from Egypt. It is true that Exodus 7:7 says that Moses was 80 when he and Aaron spoke to Pharaoh, and Deut 34:7 says that he was 120 when he died. The reclining figure in the foreground, with the violent foreshortening, will be an important source of inspiration for the Florentine Mannerists, such as Bronzino. For the view of him as a Prophet in Islam and among the Druze, see, Ex. The next thing we know is that Moses, having killed an Egyptian taskmaster for hurting an Israelite man, is fleeing for his life from the anger of Pharaoh, and now we meet seven more unidentified women the seven daughters of Reuel, priest of Midian. Dad is Wolf, mom is Cheryl, the two daughters are Pascalle and Loretta. In the first passage Hobab is describes as the son of Reuel the Midianite--then note that the comma's placement shows we are describing Reuel as Moses' father-in-law. Jethro gave Moses his daughter Zipporah in marriage. http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200002454 A sheepherder decided when to move the herds and found suitable grazing. Contemporary English Version (CEV). In times when local grass was insufficient, men took the herds further afield. Moses and Zipporah had a second son in Midian. Jethro said: "Swear." The sages go so far as to exaggerate his virtues. Season 18, Episode 1 of NCIS. I will bring my people out of Egypt into a country where there is a lot of good land, rich with milk and honey. There is no sense that either they or Pharaoh are doing anything other than seeing the Hebrew women as other than, and less than them the Egyptians. Moses : Drive back your goats until the sheep are watered. An Egyptian delivered us from the hand of the shepherds, and he also drew enough water for us and watered the flock (Exodus 2:18-19). There are many checks and balances that have gone into making copies of manuscripts and checking them against one another. For less than $5/mo. When Moses first escapes to Midian, he helps a number of young shepherdesses water their father's sheep, and they come to Reuel their father to tell him (Exodus 2:18). [13][14], According to some modern scholars, "Jethro" was really a title meaning "His Excellency", and that "Reuel" was the figure's actual, given name. [15], Jethro, Moses' non-Hebrew father-in-law, is a central figure, particularly in the rites and pilgrimages, of the Druze religion. In other words, was Jethro motivated by love or by fear of this powerful God who makes other nations tremble? ", In Numbers 10:29, the Hebrew for the name Raguel is the same as the Hebrew for Reuel. After working fourteen years for Laban as a sheepherder, Jacob established his own home and engaged in semi-nomadic herding. She is Peter Obi's sister. He treated animal diseases, located lost sheep, and protected the flocks from wolves, hyenas, lions and bears. Historically the name of Yahweh first appears in the records of Amenhotep III and Ramsese II as the land of Yahweh inhabited by nomadic tribes of Shasu so this gives you an idea that Yahwehism first appeared among tribes that were beyond the control of Egypt. Moses and Zipporah had a son whom Moses named Gershom, saying, "I have become a foreigner in a foreign land" (verse 22). Apparently, Hobab was a common Midianite name, and it was needful to distinguish this particular tribal member from the others sojourning with the nation of Israel. He drove them out and helped the daughters to draw water from the well. [citation needed]. (as Cecil B. de Mille) Writing Credits Cast (in credits order) verified as complete Produced by Music by Elmer Bernstein Cinematography by Loyal Griggs . [20][21] Each year on 25 April, the Druze gather at the site in a holiday known as Ziyarat al-Nabi Shuayb to discuss community affairs and commemorate the anniversary of Jethro's death with singing, dancing and feasting. Moses would not have entreated an 80 year old man, Reuel (one who was in need of the strength and vigor to drive away desert dwelling Bedouins competing for water) to be a scout for Israel. Supporting Roles: Jethro by Elie Wiesel was originally published in Bible Review, June 1998, and republished in Bible History Daily on March 19, 2014. a. Midrash is a genre of rabbinic literature that includes nonliteral elaborations of biblical texts. Sorry Paul, but for me the Zohar and most of the other rabbinic writings (excluding Maimonides) are little short of fairy tales. When Moses fled from Egypt he came to the well in Midian where he witnessed local shepherds mistreating the girls. Jethro is first mentioned in the Bible in Exodus 2:16 and also referred to as Reuel in verse 18, which may be his last name. [30] The Israeli Druze also have a folktale called "Jethro's revenge on the [Sunni Muslim] inhabitants of the village of Hittin. He determined which animals to slaughter and sell. I say the text contrasts the outsider father-in-law favorably against the insider father-in-law, Laban. For the purposes of this blog we will avoid going too deep into every side of the debate as that is the area of biblical scholars and unnecessary for the average person who is simply seeking answers. Required fields are marked *. Is this a way of balancing our understanding of the man? 16 the seven daughters of Jethro, the priest of Midian,[ a] came up to water their father's sheep and goats. Jethro Olive Deering Miriam Donald Curtis Mered Douglas Dumbrille Jannes Larry Dobkin Hur Ben Caleb Frank DeKova Abiram H.B. As the Expositor's commentary puts it, "Hobab is called Reuel's son in Numbers 10:29 (ESV); so 'brother-in-law' is a most likely rendering. His conduct suggests at least a deep respect for the God of Moses and Israel.Ex 18:10-12. And when the midwives explain to Pharaoh why they are not fulfilling his order, they talk about the Hebrew women as being unlike Egyptian women, saying they are as animals. First there is his infamous and rash vow to God, that if God granted him victory over the Ammonites then the one who came out from the door of his house to greet him on his return . Jethro is called a priest of Midian and became father-in-law of Moses after he gave his daughter, Zipporah, in marriage to Moses.He is introduced in Exodus 2:18.. Jethro is recorded as living in Midian, a territory stretching along the eastern edge of the Gulf of Aqaba, northwestern Arabia.Some believe Midian is within the Sinai Peninsula.Biblical maps from antiquity show Midian on both locations. There are other texts which operate on the vocalisation of the text as midwives of the Hebrew women ie that understand Shifra and Puah to be Egyptian. One day Jethro was walking home and he was stopped by Mr. Burdow, the father of the boy who killed Jethro's sister. BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. He's best known for winning a decisive battle against an invading Ammonite armyand for a foolish oath that cost his innocent daughter her life. the book of Job. Would Pharaoh really ask Hebrew women to murder the baby boys of their fellow women? I will give them the land where the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites now live.

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